Impact of Terminal Material and Plating Selection on Connector Performance

With the development of technology, consumers are increasingly relying on electronic connectors, such as reliability, small size, fast data transmission speed and so on. A proces such as plating of a sol terminal is required for that connector. The most commonly used location for electronic connectors is the circuit, which includes the board-to-board connector used on the circuit board, as well as the wire-to-wire and wire-to-board connectors used in the vehicle wiring harness. In addition to the circuit, it is also used in some other places, such as industrial equipment, automobiles, airlines, etc. Of course, the most important part of the electronic connector is the terminal of the contact part, which is equivalent to a small and medium-sized connector, connecting some devices with the same or different characteristics to ensure that some components can operate smoothly, or to ensure that the current can flow smoothly, so that the whole device can operate. Most of the raw materials of this kind of terminal are different, because the performance of the place where they are used is different, and the environmental effects are also different, so the selected materials will be different, some need to use metal materials, some need to use plastic, some need to use liquid, some need to use solid, in short, the selection of materials should be carried out according to the specific situation.

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Connector terminal coating is essential to ensure the reliable use of electronic connectors. When choosing the terminal coating of electronic connectors, it is important to consider the application environment. Connectors are mainly divided into three situations: unlike general use, tin plating is the most common, because tin is cheaper, but the tin material is softer. In order to ensure good bonding, the contact force (minimum 100 grams) must be higher. Pull-out frequency is generally low, only simple defensive corrosion resistance, low use temperature, brass or bronze tin plating operation temperature can reach 110 ℃, tin plating can reach 190 ℃. Gold plating is usually required for high insertion frequencies. If the use temperature is high, other coatings must be used, for example, nickel plating of red copper can reach 340 degrees, nickel plating of red copper and brass can reach 250 degrees. For the use of small data signals with high reliability of connector terminals, gold plating is generally used when small contacts are used, and the corrosion resistance of gold is also outstanding. The nickel layer is usually the bottom layer of gold plating, and most steel contacts are nickel plated (copper must be plated first). The conductivity of palladium system is worse than that of gold, so it is often used to replace some limited gold plating. At present, the price of gold is on the rise, and there are more and more palladium-plated nickel-based alloy products. The contact point of silver plating has good conductivity, but silver is easily oxidized by air, so it can only be used in special cases.

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