Shielded wire principle

First: What is the first thing to know about shielded wire? Definition: A conductor wrapped with a conductor outside the conductor is called a shielded wire, and a packaged conductor is called a shielding layer. Generally, it is braided copper mesh or copper (aluminum). The shielding layer needs to be grounded, and external interference signals can be brought from this layer to the ground. Usually used in network cables, cars, TVs, servers, robots, automation equipment and so on. It mainly prevents transmission losses caused by external environmental interference and ensures the normal passage of electrical signals. The shielding layer of the shielded cable is mainly made of non-magnetic materials such as copper and aluminum. Its thickness is very thin, and its frequency of use is much less than the skin depth of metal materials. The effect of the shielding layer is not mainly caused by the reflection and absorption of the electric field and magnetic field of the metal body itself, but by the grounding of the shielding layer. Different grounding forms directly affect the shielding effect. Electric and magnetic field shielding layers are grounded differently. It is possible to use ungrounded, grounded on one end, or grounded on both ends.

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The function of shielded wire: prevents interference signals from entering the inner layer, and conductor interference reduces the loss of transmitted signals. The shielded wire isolates the electromagnetic field noise source from the sensitive equipment and cuts off the propagation path of the noise source. Shielding is divided into active shielding and passive shielding. The purpose of active shielding is to prevent external radiation from the noise source and shield the noise source. The purpose of passive shielding is to protect sensitive equipment from the interference of noise sources, and it is to shield sensitive equipment. Structure: (conventional) thermal insulation shielded conductor; (Advanced) Insulation layer shielded signal conductor shielded ground wire Note: When selecting a shielded wire, the insulation layer of the shielded ground wire is conductive and can be communicated with the shielding layer (with certain resistance) Shielded cable principle Shielded wiring system originated in Europe. By adding a metal shielding layer to the outside of a typical unshielded wiring system, it provides the function of preventing electromagnetic interference and electromagnetic radiation by utilizing the reflection, absorption and skin effect of the metal shielding layer. The shielding system comprehensively utilizes the balance principle of twisted pair and the shielding effect of shielding layer, so it has very good electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) characteristics. Electronic compatibility (EMC) means that electronic equipment or network system has a certain degree of anti-electromagnetic interference ability and cannot produce excessive electromagnetic radiation. In other words, the equipment or network system must be able to work normally in a relatively harsh electromagnetic environment, and at the same time, it cannot radiate too many electromagnetic waves and interfere with the normal operation of other surrounding equipment and networks. The shielded cable resists external interference mainly because the integrity of signal transmission can be guaranteed to a certain extent through the shielding system. A shielded wiring system can ensure that the transmitted data is not affected by external electromagnetic interference and radio frequency interference. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is mainly low-frequency interference, and motors, fluorescent lamps and power cords are typical sources of electromagnetic interference. Radio frequency interference (RFI) is high-frequency interference that primarily includes radio, television broadcasting, radar, and other radio communications.

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