Functions of automotive wiring harnesses

In modern automobiles, the electronic control system is closely related to the wiring harness. Someone once made a vivid analogy: the microcomputer is equivalent to the human brain, the sensor is equivalent to the sensory organ, and the executive element is equivalent to the motor tube, so the wiring harness is the nerve and blood vessel. The automotive wiring harness can be divided into two types in terms of function: the power line that carries the power to drive the actuator (actuator) and the signal line that transmits the input command of the sensor. Power lines are thick wires that carry large currents, while signal lines are thin wires that do not carry electricity (optical fiber communication). The sectional area of the wire for the motor and actuator is 0.85 and 1.25 mm2, while the sectional area of the wire for the power circuit is 2, 3 and 5mm, and the special circuit (starter, alternator, engine grounding wire, etc.) has different specifications of 8, 10, 15 and 20mm. In addition to considering the electrical performance, the selection of wires is also restricted by the physical performance of the vehicle. For example, the wires between the frequently opened/closed doors on a taxi and across the car body should be made of conductors with good flexing properties. In recent years, the use of electromagnetic shielding wires in weak signal circuits has been increasing. With the increase of automobile functions and the widespread application of electronic control technology, the number of circuits and power consumption on the automobile have increased significantly, and the wiring harness has become thicker and heavier. How to arrange a large number of wiring harnesses more effectively and reasonably in the limited automobile space and make the automobile wiring harness play a greater role has become a problem faced by the automobile manufacturing industry.

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