How much do you know about electricity?

1. Primary control circuit of power distribution equipment-the main wiring of electrical equipment from the generator set through the transformer and the transmission and transformation line to the machine and equipment consuming electricity, which is generally called the primary control circuit. 2. Secondary power distribution equipment-secondary power distribution equipment is the auxiliary machinery and equipment that carries out supervision, accurate measurement, real-time control and maintenance in the work of primary equipment, such as instrument panel, relay, frequency conversion cable, control and data signal machinery and equipment, etc. 3. Secondary circuit of power distribution equipment-secondary machinery and equipment are connected in a certain order to form a power circuit. It is called secondary power supply circuit or secondary loop. 4. Low-voltage switch is an electrical switch used to connect or disconnect AC and rectifier circuits below 1000 volts. It is different from the base voltage in the Safety Regulations (the working voltage to ground is below 250 volts). 5. AC contactor is a low-voltage switch used to connect or disconnect the load current in the power circuit for a long distance. It is commonly used to start and operate the power circuit of the motor frequently. 6. Automatic air leakage switch-Automatic air leakage switch, commonly known as control switch, is the most sound power switch in low-voltage switch. It can not only cut off the load current of the power supply circuit, but also cut off the short circuit fault current. It is often used as a key control device in the power supply circuit with large bottom voltage power. 7. De-excitation power switch is a DC unipolar gas control switch specially used in the control circuit of generator excitation regulator. 8. Knife switch is a power switch with obvious visible fracture surface and no arc extinguishing equipment. It can be used to conduct the circuit with working voltage but no load, and also allows the connection or disconnection of no-load circuit, voltage transformer and no-load transformer with relatively limited volume. The scope of application of the knife switch is to isolate the working voltage of the power supply when the electrical equipment is repaired. 9. High-voltage circuit breaker-also known as high-voltage circuit breaker. It can not only disconnect or close the no-load current and load current in the high-voltage power circuit, but also disconnect the short-circuit fault current according to the efficacy of the relay protection device when the system software fails. It has a very perfect arc-extinguishing structure and sufficient cut-off working capacity. 10. Arc suppression coil is an adjustable inductor coil with iron core, which is placed on the neutral line of transformer or generator set. When single-phase grounding fault occurs, it can reduce the current of grounding device and suppress arc. 11. Transformer-a transformer is an inductor coil with a small resistor. Each turn of the coil is insulated from each other, and all the coils are insulated from a part of the grounding device. A transformer is connected in series in the power circuit to limit the short circuit fault current. 12. Vortex condition — If the coil is encased in a single piece of iron core, the core can be thought of as being made up of a number of closed thin wires, the plan view produced by the closed thin wires being perpendicular to the orientation of the magnetic flux. Each closed thin wire can be used as a closed conductive control loop. As that current in the coil vary in accordance with the alternation, the magnetic flux across the closed thin wire continuously changes, thereby causing an induced current on each thin wire and causing a magnetically induce current. In this way, in the whole iron core, a magnetic induction current flowing around the center line of the iron core is generated, just like a vortex in water. This type of magnetically induced current in the core is called a vortex. 13. Eddy Current Losses-Like current flowing through a resistor, eddies in the iron core dissipate kinetic energy and make the iron core hot. This type of kinetic energy loss is called eddy current loss. 14. Small current grounding protection-neutral line ungrounded device or arc suppression coil grounded device. 15.Heavy current grounding protection-system software for immediate neutral grounding device. 16. Armature reaction — When there is no synchronous motor current, the flux density main electromagnetic field is caused by the excitation regulator current independently. When there is synchronous motor current, the flux density main electromagnetic field is formed by the mutual accumulation of the electromagnetic field of the excitation regulator current and the electromagnetic field of the synchronous motor current. This type of damage to the main electromagnetic field from the synchronous motor current is called armature reaction. 17. Asynchronous motor, also known as magnetic induction motor, works according to the two basic principles of induced current caused by laser cutting of magnetic induction line of electric conductor and magnetic permeability of current-carrying electric conductor in electromagnetic field. In order to maintain the relative speed between the electromagnetic field and the electrical conductor of the rotor, the speed ratio of the rotor of the motor is always lower than that of the electromagnetic oscillation, so it is called asynchronous motor. 18. Synchronous speed ratio-When three-phase symmetrical current is fed into the three-phase symmetrical winding of an asynchronous motor, an electromagnetic oscillation is caused in the flux density of the motor. According to the different number of poles of the motor, the speed ratio of the electromagnetic oscillation is also different, and the speed ratio of the motor with a large number of poles is slow. The speed ratio of this electromagnetic oscillation is called the same speed ratio. 19. Slip — — The difference between the synchronous speed ratio N1 and the speed ratio n of the motor (n1-n) is called the speed ratio difference, and the ratio of the speed ratio difference to the synchronous speed ratio is called the slip. The slip S is generally expressed in percentage, that is, S = (n1-n)/n1100% 20. Star-delta starting — — If the motor is in normal operation, The stator windings of the motor are connected into a triangle. When the motor is started, the stator windings are connected into a star. After the motor is started, the stator windings are connected into a triangle. This kind of starting mode is called star-delta switching starting. 21. Absorption ratio — the ratio of the resistor at 60 seconds and at 15 seconds after an AC voltage is applied to the insulating layer sample. 22. Protective grounding-In order to ensure that electrical equipment can operate reliably under all normal or fault conditions and avoid high voltage caused by the failure of machinery and equipment, it is necessary to ground a device at a certain point in the power supply system, which is called protective grounding. 23. Grounding protection-In order to avoid the destruction of the insulation layer of electrical equipment and cause safety accidents, the plastic shell or structure of electrical equipment that does not induce electrification under all normal conditions is connected to the ground, which is called grounding protection. 24. Protective zero connection is to connect the plastic shell or structure of electrical equipment with the center line of the neutral line in the software of the neutral grounding system of the switching power supply. This is also the key countermeasure to maintain life safety. 25.Knife switch — a power switch with a significant visible fracture surface and no arc extinguishing equipment. It can be used to conduct the circuit with working voltage but no load, and also allows the connection or disconnection of no-load circuit, voltage transformer and no-load transformer with relatively limited volume. The scope of application of the knife switch is to isolate the working voltage of the power supply when the electrical equipment is repaired. 26. High-voltage circuit breakers-also known as high-voltage circuit breakers. It can not only disconnect or close the no-load current and load current in the high-voltage power circuit, but also disconnect the short-circuit fault current according to the efficacy of the relay protection device when the system software fails. It has a very perfect arc-extinguishing structure and sufficient cut-off working capacity. 27. Arc suppression coil is an adjustable inductor coil with iron core, which is installed on the neutral line of transformer or generator set. When single-phase grounding fault occurs, it can reduce the current of grounding device and suppress arc. 28. Transformer-a transformer is an inductor coil with a small resistor. Each turn of the coil is insulated from each other, and the whole coil is insulated from a part of the grounding device. A transformer is connected in series in the power circuit to limit the short circuit fault current. 29. Vortex condition — If the coil is encased in a single piece of iron core, the core can be thought of as being made up of a number of closed thin wires, the plan view produced by the closed thin wires being perpendicular to the orientation of the magnetic flux. Each closed thin wire can be used as a closed conductive control loop. As that current in the coil vary in accordance with the alternation, the magnetic flux across the closed thin wire continuously changes, thus causing an induced current on each of the thin wires and cause a magnetically induced current. In this way, in the whole iron core, a magnetic induction current flowing around the center line of the iron core is generated, just like a vortex in water. This type of magnetically induced current in the core is called a vortex. 30. Eddy Current Losses-Like current flowing through a resistor, eddies in the iron core dissipate kinetic energy and make the iron core hot. This type of kinetic energy loss is called eddy current loss. 31. Small current grounding protection-neutral line ungrounded device or arc suppression coil grounded device. 32. Heavy current grounding protection-system software for immediate neutral grounding device. 33. Armature reaction-When there is no synchronous motor current, the flux density main electromagnetic field is caused by the field regulator current independently. When there is synchronous motor current, the flux density main electromagnetic field is formed by the accumulation of the electromagnetic field of the field regulator current and the electromagnetic field of the synchronous motor current. This type of damage to the main electromagnetic field from the synchronous motor current is called armature reaction. 34. Electric Arcing-Many convergences of the ignition flame produce electric arcing. 35. Zero line and live line — the order in which the cosine quantities of each phase pass through the same value. A random group of different three-phase sinusoidal AC voltage or current phasors can be converted into three groups of symmetrical components: one group is the positive sequence component, which is indicated by the subscript "1" that the zero line and the live line are consistent with the zero line and the live line of the original different cosine quantity, that is, the order of A-B-C, and the position of each phase is 120 degrees different from each other; One group is the negative sequence component, which is indicated by the subscript "2". The zero line and live line are reversed with the original zero line and live line of different cosine quantity, that is, the order of A-C-B, and the position of each phase is 120 ° different from each other. The other group is the zero sequence component, which is indicated by the subscript "0", and the position of three phases is the same. For example, if the two phases operate differently, there will be negative and zero sequence components. 36、 automotive relay starting current — — The minimum current value that can make the automotive relay posture. 37、 current automobile relay — — current automobile relay is a kind of automobile relay which decides its posture by reflecting the current size of the coil connected to the automobile relay. 38、 Voltage Relay — An automotive relay designed to reflect the height of the operating voltage added to determine whether or not its posture. Automotive Relays with Rapid 39、 — Generally, automotive relays with a pose time of less than 10 ms. 40、 quick-break maintenance-no time limit, if the current to the whole time constant can be instantaneous posture maintenance. 41、 differential protection is the maintenance of starting by using the current change when the electrical equipment is in fault. Zero-sequence protection of 42、 reflects the maintenance of electrical equipment quantity of unique zero-sequence current and zero-sequence voltage of grounding device fault in power supply system. 43、 distance protection-a protector that reflects the distance between the fault point and the maintenance installation point. Automatic reclosing of 44、-a device that can automatically reclose without manual operation when the line fails and the disconnector trips. Automatic reclosing is divided into single-phase power reclosing and comprehensive automatic reclosing. 45、 comprehensive auto-reclosure — — Its functions are: single phase tripping in case of single phase fault, three phase tripping in case of failure; three phase tripping in case of two-color fault, three phase overlapping, three phase tripping in case of failure. 46、 autoreclosure post acceleration-autoreclosure on a permanent fault, the protector again indefinitely postures off the disconnector and does not carry out autoreclosure, called autoreclosure post acceleration. 47、 maintenance-can consider the stability of system software and the safety regulations of machinery and equipment, selectively and quickly remove the maintained machinery and equipment and the maintenance of the whole process of failure. 48、 reserve maintenance — — maintenance for fault removal when the main maintenance is not in position or the disconnector refuses to operate 49. Power factor — — the ratio of power factor P to apparent power S. Switching operation of 50、-When the electrical equipment changes from one situation to another, or changes the operation of the system software, a series of practical operations must be carried out, which are called switching operation of electrical equipment. The key points of switching operation are: (1) stop and close of transformer; (2) stop and close of transmission line; (3) start of generator set. (4) Closure and disconnection of the Internet (5) Change of the bus duct wiring method (that is, the actual operation of replacing the bus duct) (6) Change of the neutral grounding method and the adjustment of the arc suppression coil (7) Change of the relay protection device and the application of the protection device (8) Installation and disassembly of the wire connector 51. No-load loss refers to the output power drawn by the transformer when the AC rated current is released on one coil of the transformer (at the rated sub-connector) at the cosine of the rated frequency, and the other coils are led, which is used to balance the iron core loss of the transformer (vortex and hysteresis loss) 52. No-load current refers to the no-load operation of the transformer. The main magnetic flux is created by the no-load current, so the no-load current is the field current. The rated no-load current is the three-phase arithmetic average of the current drawn by the transformer when the rated current of the positive and weak alternating current at the rated frequency is discharged on one coil (at the rated sub-connector) and the other coils are led, expressed as a percentage of the rated current. Short-circuit fault loss of 53、-refers to the output power absorbed by the transformer when the rated current of rated frequency is based on one coil of the transformer and the other coil wiring is short-circuited. It is the loss caused by the resistor of the transformer coil, that is, the copper loss (the coil is at the rated contact point, and the temperature is 70 ℃). Short circuit fault working voltage of 54、 — — refers to the working voltage (at the rated value sub-connector) of rated value frequency released in the other coil to cause rated value current when one coil is connected to form a short circuit fault, expressed in percentage of rated current, which reflects the main parameters of transformer characteristic impedance (resistor and leakage reactance). Also called characteristic impedance working voltage (temperature 70 ℃).

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